We could rely on just respect each technical term altogether and talk about how not to let anything out. On the other hand we could discuss this issue easily, providing a global vision but without going into technicalities so that we would perhaps in order to help with your questions on maintenance and daily use without exposing certain technical aspects although complex is often interesting to know the long term.

Every hard disk is composed of one or more magnetic disks one or more read heads / recorders a spindle motor and an internal circuitry that manipulates these elements.

In order to address the issue hard to imagine that everything is made only by a single magnetic disk and two heads thus simplifying the question and to avoid talking of cylinders which always give rise to misinterpretation.

As already mentioned, assuming that the hard drives they had only a single magnetic disk and two heads their operation would be similar to a floppy disk. When you turn on your computer, 12-volt power source that provides the power of the PC, turn the disc rotation motor magnetic heads positioned just at the beginning of it.

It is basically the same as when we put a disc in the player of our hi-fi and put the needle in the beginning of its surface. At the time when the PC need to perform any read or write operation, sends the order to the circuitry of the hard disk, which moves the heads to the exact place where the information to be retrieved or, in case you need to record something moves the heads to the place where your hard disk free space.

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